Canadian Paediatric Immunization Awareness

Answering Your Doubts

Answering Your Doubts

Everything You Need to Know

1. Why are there so many recommended vaccines now compared with the past?

As medical science advances, vaccines have been developed for more pathogens that cause serious illness. Expanding recommendations aim to protect children from a broader range of dangerous diseases. The number of vaccines grows because we now have safe, effective vaccines that prevent diseases once common and often deadly.

Source: https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/Pages/Immunization/family-answers.aspx

Yes. Diseases like polio and diphtheria may seem rare in some countries because vaccines have controlled them. However, these diseases still exist globally and can return if vaccination rates fall, making continued immunization necessary.

Source: https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/infant-and-toddler-health/in-depth/vaccines/art-20048334

Even rare diseases can re-emerge — especially with international travel and declining immunization rates. The best way to keep these diseases rare is through continued high vaccination coverage.

Source: https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/infant-and-toddler-health/in-depth/vaccines/art-20048334

Allergic reactions to vaccines can happen but are extremely rare (about 0.65-1.45 reactions per million doses). Most people won’t have any serious reactions; mild side effects (like redness, swelling, or low-grade fever) are far more typical.

 

Rarely. Febrile seizures occur in some children with fever from many causes, including infections. They are more often caused by infections than vaccines.

Source: https://cumming.ucalgary.ca/departments/pediatrics/education-training/vaccine-confidence-toolkit/pediatrics

 

Every ingredient in a vaccine — including preservatives, adjuvants, and stabilizers — is tested extensively for safety and required to be in amounts far below harmful levels. Regulatory agencies like the FDA and Health Canada evaluate ingredient safety before approval and continue post-market monitoring.

Source: https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines-children/hcp/conversation-tips/questions-parents-may-ask.html

If a child has a minor illness without fever (like a cold), vaccinations can usually proceed safely. Severe illness or fever may warrant rescheduling until recovery. Healthcare providers assess on a case-by-case basis.

Source: https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines-children/hcp/conversation-tips/questions-parents-may-ask.html

While many vaccines induce immunity in 90–99% of recipients, individual immune responses vary. High population coverage (herd immunity) protects those who respond less well.

Source: https://cumming.ucalgary.ca/departments/pediatrics/education-training/vaccine-confidence-toolkit/pediatrics

The vaccine schedule is based on when children are most vulnerable to diseases and when vaccines are most effective at inducing immunity. Delaying vaccines leaves children unprotected when they are at highest risk.

Source: https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines-children/hcp/conversation-tips/questions-parents-may-ask.html

Vaccinated children have immune systems that are ready to fight specific dangerous infections effectively. Vaccines don’t “weaken” the immune system — they train it to respond quickly and safely to real pathogens without causing disease.

Diseases like measles, polio, pertussis (whooping cough), and Hib meningitis can cause serious complications — such as brain damage, paralysis, deafness, pneumonia, and even death. Vaccines dramatically reduce these risks.

Source: https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/infant-and-toddler-health/in-depth/vaccines/art-20048334

High vaccination rates protect not only the individual child but also the community (herd immunity). This is especially important for those who cannot get vaccinated (e.g., infants, immunocompromised children). Herd immunity reduces the spread of disease and protects vulnerable populations.

Source: https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines-children/hcp/conversation-tips/questions-parents-may-ask.html

Vaccines expose the immune system to a safe form of a pathogen (or part of it), triggering antibody and memory cell development so the body is ready if exposed to the real disease later. Vaccine immunity mimics natural infection without causing the disease.

Source: https://cumming.ucalgary.ca/departments/pediatrics/education-training/vaccine-confidence-toolkit/pediatrics

Extensive research shows vaccines are not associated with chronic health problems such as autism or autoimmune diseases.

Source: https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines-children/hcp/conversation-tips/questions-parents-may-ask.html

All vaccine ingredients have specific roles — to stimulate immunity (antigens), enhance response (adjuvants), or maintain safety (preservatives). Amounts are tiny and well below harmful thresholds.

Source: https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines-children/hcp/conversation-tips/questions-parents-may-ask.html

Some vaccines include small amounts of aluminum salts as adjuvants to strengthen the immune response. Aluminum exposure from vaccines is less than that from normal dietary sources and has a long safety record.

Source: https://cumming.ucalgary.ca/departments/pediatrics/education-training/vaccine-confidence-toolkit/pediatrics

Thimerosal, a mercury-containing preservative, was removed from most childhood vaccines in Canada and the U.S. decades ago and studies show it was safe even before its removal.

Source: https://cumming.ucalgary.ca/departments/pediatrics/education-training/vaccine-confidence-toolkit/pediatrics